英国诗人、小说家、评论家。第一次百吧屋组展世界大战时任军来自官。因发表战争回忆录《向一切告别》(1929)而成名。战后移居西班牙。其历史小说和传奇小说有《克劳狄乌斯自传》(1934)、《克劳狄乌斯封神记》(1934)、《白色女神》(1947)、《荷马之女》(195360百科5)等。还写过一些优美洗练的爱情诗。稳去酸坐策对希腊和希伯来神话也深有曾研究。1955年发表《希腊神话》(2卷)。1961~1966年任牛津大学诗学教授。1980年发表小说《他们吊死了我的圣洁的比利》。

• 中文名称 罗伯特·格雷夫斯
• 国籍 英国
• 代表作品 《向一切告别》

　　人物生平

　　中文介绍

　　罗伯特·格雷夫斯(Robert Graves，1895.7.24–1985.10.7)，20世纪英国著名诗人,作家格雷夫斯生于伦敦，曾在第一次世界大战中服役，了之后从牛津大学毕来自业。他在开罗大学教了一年英语，后来曾一度在西班牙的马略卡岛定居。格雷夫斯从1961到送背跟天完英1966年间任牛津大学呀模的诗歌学教授。

　　罗伯特·格雷夫斯是20世纪英国文学史上一位极具创新精神的诗人。他擅长写洗练的抒情诗，特别是爱情诗，继承了传统的风格，不趋时髦。他的战争诗独具特色,充分展示了诗人特有的才情和睿智. 也写小说、杂文、文学批评和神化研究作品，并翻译文学经典。信静海权布头张绝他最初的作品是一些谴责第一次世界大战对生命的摧残的诗歌。他的自传《向动一切告别》(1929年)讲述了他在一战中的经历。谴责战争的残酷，对英国病态的社会和文化表示不满。

　　《耶稣王》(1946年)是一部非传统历史小说。他后来的大部分诗作都是爱情抒情诗。他的古罗马帝国三部曲《我，克劳迪斯》(I， Clau360百科dius)、《克劳迪斯神和他的妻子梅萨利冷形游问编纳》(Claudius the God and His Wife Messalina)、《贝利萨里乌斯伯爵》(Count Be红lisarius)是现代历史小保煤抓亲王零说经典之作，现实主义的表现手法使生活在古代的人物具有亲近感，同时又保持你啊字零术子还与减似了历史性。他在《白色女神》(1947)一书中认为文艺起源于对原始女神的崇拜。他对希腊和希伯来神话也月深有研究。1961至1965年任牛津大学诗学教授。1980年发表小说《他们吊死了我的圣洁的比利》。

　　《火盆旁》(编斗酸长括胡高分丝1916年)、《诗集19孩头报体路调延组帮土次38–1945年》(1946年)、《诗集》(1959年)、《新诗集》(1977年)。神话研究作品--《白仙女》(1947年)、《希腊神话》(1955年)。随笔--《肩负读者》(The Reader over Your Shoulder)(1943年，与艾伦·霍奇合著)。

　　英文介绍

　　Over the Brazier. London: William Heinemann, 1923; New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1923.

　　* The Feather Bed. Richmond, Surrey: Hog饭才设胶倍放国合讲arth Press, 1923.

　　* Mock 风Beggar Hall. London: Ho松奏种穿帝宗若garth Press, 二植父怀明概排甚宽1924.

　　* We或落西拉lchmans Hose. London: The Fleuron, 1925.

　　* P到化收起掉oems. London: Ernest Benn, 1925.

　　* The Marmosites Miscellany (as John Doyle). London: Hogarth Press, 1925.

　　* Poems (1914-1926). London: William Heinemann, 1927; Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1929.

　　* Poems (1914-1927). London: William Heinemann

　　* To Whom Else? Deyá, Majorca: Seizin Press, 1931.

　　* Poems 1930-1933. London: Arthur Barker, 1933.

　　* Collected Poems. London: Cassell, 1938; New York: Random House, 1938.

　　* No More Ghosts: Selected Poems. London: Faber & Faber, 1940.

　　* Work in Hand, with Norman Cameron and Alan Hodge. London: Hogarth Press, 1942.

　　* Poems. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1943.

　　* Poems 1938-1945. London: Cassell, 1945; New York: Creative Age Press, 1946.

　　* Collected Poems (1914-1947). London: Cassell, 1948.

　　* Poems and Satires. London: Cassell, 1951.

　　* Poems 1953. London: Cassell, 1953.

　　* Collected Poems 1955. New York: Doubleday, 1955.

　　* Poems Selected by Himself. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1957; rev. 1961, 1966, 1972, 1978.

　　* The Poems of Robert Graves. New York: Doubleday, 1958.

　　* Collected Poems 1959. London: Cassell, 1959.

　　* The Penny Fiddle: Poems for Children. London: Cassell, 1960; New York: Doubleday, 1961.

　　* More Poems 1961. London: Cassell, 1961.

　　* Collected Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1961.

　　* New Poems 1962. London: Cassell, 1962; as New Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1963.

　　* The More Deserving Cases: Eighteen Old Poems for Reconsideration. Marlborough: Marlborough College Press, 1962.

　　* Man Does, Woman Is. London: Cassell, 1964; New York: Doubleday, 1964.

　　* Ann at Highwood Hall: Poems for Children. London: Cassell, 1964.

　　* Love Respelt. London: Cassell, 1965; New York: Doubleday, 1966.

　　* One Hard Look 1965

　　* Collected Poems 1965. London: Cassell, 1965.

　　* Seventeen Poems Missing from 'Love Respelt'. privately printed, 1966.

　　* Colophon to 'Love Respelt'. Privately printed, 1967.

　　* Poems 1965-1968. London: Cassell, 1968; New York: Doubleday, 1969.

　　* Poems About Love. London: Cassell, 1969; New York: Doubleday, 1969.

　　* Love Respelt Again. New York: Doubleday, 1969.

　　* Beyond Giving. privately printed, 1969.

　　* Poems 1968-1970. London: Cassell, 1970; New York: Doubleday, 1971.

　　* The Green-Sailed Vessel. privately printed, 1971.

　　* Poems: Abridged for Dolls and Princes. London: Cassell, 1971.

　　* Poems 1970-1972. London: Cassell, 1972; New York: Doubleday, 1973.

　　* Deyá, A Portfolio. London: Motif Editions, 1972.

　　* Timeless Meeting: Poems. privately printed, 1973.

　　* At the Gate. privately printed, London, 1974.

　　* Collected Poems 1975. London: Cassell, 1975.

　　* New Collected Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1977.

　　* Selected Poems. ed Paul O'Prey. London: Penguin, 1986

　　* The Centenary Selected Poems. ed. Patrick Quinn. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.

　　* Complete Poems Volume 1. ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.

　　* Complete Poems Volume 2. ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1996.

　　* Complete Poems Volume 3. ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1999.

　　* The Complete Poems in One Volume ed. Beryl Graves and Dunstan Ward. Manchester: Carcanet Press, 2000.

　　Poems

　　* "The Death Room" The New Yorker 25/50 (4 February 1950) : 35

　　Fiction

　　* My Head! My Head!. London: Sucker, 1925; Alfred. A. Knopf, New York, 1925.

　　* The Shout. London: Mathews & Marrot, 1929.

　　* No Decency Left (with Laura Riding) (as Barbara Rich). London: Jonathan Cape, 1932.

　　* The Real David Copperfield. London: Arthur Barker, 1933; as David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens, Condensed by Robert Graves, ed. M. P. Paine. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1934.

　　* I, Claudius. London: Arthur Barker, 1934; New York: Smith & Haas, 1934.

　　o Sequel: Claudius the God and his Wife Messalina. London: Arthur Barker, 1934; New York: Smith & Haas, 1935.

　　* Antigua, Penny, Puce. Deyá, Majorca/London: Seizin Press/Constable, 1936; New York: Random House, 1937.

　　* Count Belisarius. London: Cassell, 1938: Random House, New York, 1938.

　　* Sergeant Lamb of the Ninth. London: Methuen, 1940; as Sergeant Lamb's America. New York: Random House, 1940.

　　o Sequel: Proceed, Sergeant Lamb. London: Methuen, 1941; New York: Random House, 1941.

　　* The Story of Marie Powell: Wife to Mr. Milton. London: Cassell, 1943; as Wife to Mr Milton: The Story of Marie Powell. New York: Creative Age Press, 1944.

　　* The Golden Fleece. London: Cassell, 1944; as Hercules, My Shipmate, New York: Creative Age Press, 1945.

　　* King Jesus. New York: Creative Age Press, 1946; London: Cassell, 1946.

　　* Watch the North Wind Rise. New York: Creative Age Press, 1949; as Seven Days in New Crete. London: Cassell, 1949.

　　* The Islands of Unwisdom. New York: Doubleday, 1949; as The Isles of Unwisdom. London: Cassell, 1950.

　　* Homer's Daughter. London: Cassell, 1955; New York: Doubleday, 1955.

　　* Catacrok! Mostly Stories, Mostly Funny. London: Cassell, 1956.

　　* They Hanged My Saintly Billy. London: Cassell, 1957; New York: Doubleday, 1957.

　　* Collected Short Stories. Doubleday: New York, 1964; Cassell, London, 1965.

　　* An Ancient Castle. London: Peter Owen, 1980.

　　Other

　　* On English Poetry. New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1922; London: Heinemann, 1922.

　　* The Meaning of Dreams. London: Cecil Palmer, 1924; New York: Greenberg, 1925.

　　* Poetic Unreason and Other Studies. London: Cecil Palmer, 1925.

　　* Contemporary Techniques of Poetry: A Political Analogy. London: Hogarth Press, 1925.

　　* Another Future of Poetry. London: Hogarth Press, 1926.

　　* Impenetrability or The Proper Habit of English. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.

　　* The English Ballad: A Short Critical Survey. London: Ernest Benn, 1927; revised as English and Scottish Ballads. London: William Heinemann, 1957; New York: Macmillan, 1957.

　　* Lars Porsena or The Future of Swearing and Improper Language. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1927; E.P. Dutton, New York, 1927; revised as The Future of Swearing and Improper Language. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1936.

　　* A Survey of Modernist Poetry (with Laura Riding). London: William Heinemann, 1927; New York: Doubleday, 1928.

　　* Lawrence and the Arabs. London: Jonathan Cape, 1927; as Lawrence and the Arabian Adventure. New York: Doubleday, 1928.

　　* A Pamphlet Against Anthologies (with Laura Riding). London: Jonathan Cape, 1928; as Against Anthologies. New York: Doubleday, 1928.

　　* Mrs. Fisher or The Future of Humour. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1928.

　　* Good-bye to All That: An Autobiography. London: Jonathan Cape, 1929; New York: Jonathan Cape and Smith, 1930; rev., New York: Doubleday, 1957; London: Cassell, 1957; Penguin: Harmondsworth, 1960.

　　* But It Still Goes On: An Accumulation. London: Jonathan Cape, 1930; New York: Jonathan Cape and Smith, 1931.

　　* T. E. Lawrence to His Biographer Robert Graves. New York: Doubleday, 1938; London: Faber & Faber, 1939.

　　* The Long Weekend (with Alan Hodge). London: Faber & Faber, 1940; New York: Macmillan, 1941.

　　* The Reader Over Your Shoulder (with Alan Hodge). London: Jonathan Cape, 1943; New York: Macmillan, 1943.

　　* The White Goddess. London: Faber & Faber, 1948; New York: Creative Age Press, 1948; rev., London: Faber & Faber, 1952, 1961; New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1958.

　　* The Common Asphodel: Collected Essays on Poetry 1922-1949. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1949.

　　* Occupation: Writer. New York: Creative Age Press, 1950; London: Cassell, 1951.

　　* The Nazarene Gospel Restored (with Joshua Podro). London: Cassell, 1953; New York: Doubleday, 1954.

　　* The Greek Myths. London: Penguin, 1955; Baltimore: Penguin, 1955.

　　* The Crowning Privilege: The Clark Lectures, 1954-1955. London: Cassell, 1955; New York: Doubleday, 1956.

　　* Adam's Rib. London: Trianon Press, 1955; New York: Yoseloff, 1958.

　　* Jesus in Rome (with Joshua Podro). London: Cassell, 1957.

　　* Steps. London: Cassell, 1958.

　　* 5 Pens in Hand. New York: Doubleday, 1958.

　　* Food for Centaurs. New York: Doubleday, 1960.

　　* Greek Gods and Heroes. New York: Doubleday, 1960; as Myths of Ancient Greece. London: Cassell, 1961.

　　* Selected Poetry and Prose (ed. James Reeves). London: Hutchinson, 1961.

　　* Oxford Addresses on Poetry. London: Cassell, 1962; New York: Doubleday, 1962.

　　* The Siege and Fall of Troy. London: Cassell, 1962; New York: Doubleday, 1963.

　　* The Big Green Book. New York: Crowell Collier, 1962; Penguin: Harmondsworth, 1978. Illustrated by Maurice Sendak

　　* Hebrew Myths. The Book of Genesis (with Raphael Patai). New York: Doubleday, 1964; London: Cassell, 1964.

　　* Majorca Observed. London: Cassell, 1965; New York: Doubleday, 1965.

　　* Mammon and the Black Goddess. London: Cassell, 1965; New York: Doubleday, 1965.

　　* Two Wise Children. New York: Harlin Quist, 1966; London: Harlin Quist, 1967.

　　* The Rubaiyyat of Omar Khayyam (with Omar Ali-Shah). London: Cassell, 1967.

　　* Poetic Craft and Principle. London: Cassell, 1967.

　　* The Poor Boy Who Followed His Star. London: Cassell, 1968; New York: Doubleday, 1969.

　　* Greek Myths and Legends. London: Cassell, 1968.

　　* The Crane Bag. London: Cassell, 1969.

　　* On Poetry: Collected Talks and Essays. New York: Doubleday, 1969.

　　* Difficult Questions, Easy Answers. London: Cassell, 1972; New York: Doubleday, 1973.

　　* In Broken Images: Selected Letters 1914-1946. ed Paul O'Prey. London: Hutchinson, 1982

　　* Between Moon and Moon: Selected Letters 1946-1972. ed Paul O'Prey. London: Hutchinson, 1984

　　* Collected Writings on Poetry. ed. Paul O'Prey, Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.

　　* Complete Short Stories. ed Lucia Graves, Manchester: Carcanet Press, 1995.

　　* Some Speculations on Literature, History, and Religion. ed Patrick Quinn, Manchester: Carcanet Press, 2000.